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Compactness

Undergraduate

Definition

A space is compact if every open cover has a finite subcover. In ℝⁿ, this is equivalent to being closed and bounded.

Formulas

X = \bigcup_α U_α ⇒ X = \bigcup_i=1ⁿ U_αᵢ

Definition of compactness

Examples

Example 1

Explain why [0, 1] is compact using Heine-Borel.

Example 2

Show (0, 1) is not compact.

Applications

Analysis

Existence of max/min of continuous functions

Functional Analysis

Compact operators

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